1999    1998     1997    1996     1995    1994
1993    1992     1991    1990     1980s

H2EXPO RELEASES PAPERS OF 2005 CONFERENCES

Conference 1     Symposium     August 31, 2005

State of the art SOFC     S. Singhal, PNNL; M. Williams, DOE

State of the art PEFC        L. Jörissen, ZSW Ulm

Fuel Cell APU for Commercial Airplanes      D. Daggett, The Boeing Co

Airbus strategy and development    W. Rothammer, Airbus

Fuel Cells in Submarines      R. Teppner, HDW

General Fuel Cell Hybrid Synergies and Hybrid System Testing Status     M.Williams, DOE; W. Winkler, Hamburg Univ. Appl. Sci.

Automotive APU development C. Wunderlich, Webasto

Aerospace and maritime applications for solid oxide regenerative fuel cells    K. R. Sridhar, Ion America Corporation

Aerospace Applications     September 1, 2005

Concepts of Ultra-High Power Density (SOFC)
A. V. Virka, University of Utah (Co-autors M. Williams, National Energy Technology Laboratory, S. Singhal, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)

Advanced SOFC Power Systems – An Option for Transport Applications       H. Wancura, ALPPS Fuel Cell Systems GmbH

A comparative analysis of the drivers in the aerospace and maritime fuel cell industry   K.-A. Adamson, Fuel Cell Today

System analysis of Fuel Cell APUs for Aircraft applications
P. Nehter & W. Winkler, HAW Hamburg University of Applied Sciences

Design and Simulation of SOFC Hybrid Systems for Aircraft Application: Investigation of Different System Powers and Architectural Integration (1)    N. Bundschuh, DLR

Design and Simulation of SOFC Hybrid Systems for Aircraft Application: Investigation of Different System Powers and Architectural Integration (2)    N. Bundschuh, DLR

Diesel fuel Cell APU development at Ida Tech    N. Pocard, IdaTech

Potential fuels for SOFC hybrids in transport
K. Kendall & J. Preece, Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham

Autothermal reforming of kerosene for application in aviation
J. Pasel, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH

Reforming of Jet fuel for Fuel Cell APU’s in Commercial Aircraft
B. Lenz, FHG ISE

Maritime Applications     September 1, 2005

Integrated Hydrogen Applications Project „HafenCity Hamburg” – in particular fuel cell applications for ships    K. Petersen & S. Dippner, Hamburg State Ministry for Urban Development and the Environment, Directorate of Energy & M. Kickulies, HDW-Fuel Cell Systems GmbH

Marine Fuel Cells – an early adopter market?
K.-A. Adamson, FuelCellToday

The power requirements for FC-Systems in commercials shipping
G. Würsig, Germanischer Lloyd AG

DeepC    L. Jörissen, ZSW-BW

Fuel cell systems in recreational crafts – propulsion and convenience    R. Hamelmann, Luebeck University of Applied Sciences (Co-autors D. Zenner, Hwk Lübeck & A. Blab, FH Lübeck)

"Brennstoffzellen Tuckerboot“    W. Pelka, Bureau Veritas S.A.

Fuel Cells and Systems     September 1, 2005

Hydrogen PEMFCs Prepared by Microfabrication
H. WD. Gruber, TU Hamburg-Harburg

Characterization of the Air Supply for a PEFC-System – Measurement Methodology and Results    F. Philipps, DLR-FK

Hardware-in-the-Loop Vehicle System including dynamic Fuel Cell Model    Z. Lemes, MAGNUM Automatisierungstechnik GmbH

Energy management of hybrid fuel cell vehicles using prediction of power demand    R. Bartholomaeus, Fraunhofer IVI

Improved on-line diagnostics for low temperature fuel cells
E. Gülzow, DLR

Leak Testing on fuel cell systems
M. Block, Sensistor Technologies GmbH

Ionic Liquid Composite Ionomer - PEMFC (IL-COMER-PEMFC)
G. Schmidt, TU Clausthal

Fuels and Infrastructure     September 1, 2005

Development of a compact 30 kW Diesel reformer for a PEM APU
C. Mengel, Oel-Waerme-Institut GmbH

Hydrogen Infrastructure - Refuelling stations
C. Machens, Hydrogenics Europe

Successful Demonstration of the hydrogen filling station and the fuel cell buses in Hamburg    H. Grubel, HEW Hamburgische Electricitäts-Werke AG & C. Thimm, Hamburger Hochbahn AG

Fuel Cell Hybrid Midi Buses for Niche Applications
K.-H. Klug, Hydrogenics Europe

Zero Regio    A. Boening, Infraserv GmbH & Co. Höchst KG

Novel High Pressure Tank    L. Pospischil, AIR Fertigungstechnologie GmbH

Hydrogen Generation from Sugars via Aqueous-Phase Reforming
R. Cortright, Virent Energy Systems, Inc.

Three-Step Process for Photo-Biological Hydrogen and Methane production    J. Gebicki, Department of Chemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen

Conference 2     Day 1 - August 31, 2005

Introductory Key Note    Bernd Höhlein, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH

Successful entanglement: to get hydrogen projects realized
Tom Elliger, TÜV Industrie Service GmbH & Danial Hielscher, TÜV Automotive GmbH, TÜV SÜD Group

Certification and listing of hydrogen and fuel cell technologies for the German markets Discussion     Nicolas Zartenar, P21

Field trail starts with the Fuel cell micro CHP "Home Energy Center
Thomas Winkelmann, european fuel cell

Overview of UK activities in stationary power system commercialization    Karen Hall, TTC UK

Day 2 - September 01, 2005

Hydrogen fuel cell hybrid electric midi buses: a case for early commercial market introduction    Mark Kammerer, Hydrogenics

Requirement for hydrogen / fuel cell cars from an OEM perspective
Christine Sloane, GM

System and market integration of H2 Power units for mobile ans non-road applications    Mikael Sloth, H2Logic

Building the Hydrogen Highway- a Californian experience
Ian Williams, Air Products

Clean Energy Partnership - Integration of Hydrogen Stations with On-Site Production into Conventional Service Stations
Patrick Schnell, Total; Ulf Hafseld, Hydro

The market for portable fuel cell applications, challenges for listing and commercialization of products    Ulf Groos, Fraunhofer ISE

Tools and Resources
Karen Hall, TTC Corp.; Ines Freesen, Freesen & Partner GmbH

International Conference and Trade Fair
on Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies
Oct 25 - Oct 26, 2006     daily 9 am - 5 pm

Download report

   The Hydrogen Highway
Illinois' Path to a Sustainable Economy and Environment
    Illinois Coalition      March 24, 2004
    The Hydrogen Highway will be made up of an assortment of specific projects, each uniquely tailored to reach the needs of Illinois citizens and to provide maximum economic and environmental benefit to the state. more: DESIGNING THE FUTURE

"Uh-oh..."
jerry_camel_and_arab_guy_at_race_track_md_wht.gif (18801 bytes)

Read it online!

The Hydrogen Economy
Opportunities, Costs, Barriers,
and R&D Needs (2004)
National Research Council
National Academy of Engineering

"The NRC has validated the achievability of President Bush's vision that 'the first car driven by a child born today could be fueled by hydrogen and pollution free.' This report confirms that the President's Hydrogen Initiative has the long-term potential to deliver greater energy independence for America and tremendous environmental benefits for the world.
"...Based on the NRC's interim report, we are already adopting many of their recommendations. Following the NRC's recommendation that DOE devote more resources for exploratory research, the President's 2005 budget contains new funding for basic research in DOE's Office of Science, and we are probably ahead of where the Academy thinks we are in integrating our hydrogen work across DOE's programs."
Spencer Abraham
Secretary, U.S. Department of Energy

National Research Council Reports on
Bush Administration's Hydrogen Efforts
U.S. Newswire February 4, 2004

     President Bush's vision of a hydrogen energy economy would have fundamental and dramatic benefits for our energy security and the environment, according to a new National Research Council (NRC) Report.
     As the report notes, "A transition to hydrogen as a major fuel in the next 50 years could fundamentally transform the U.S. energy system, creating opportunities to increase energy security through the use of a variety of domestic energy sources for hydrogen production while reducing environmental impacts, including atmospheric CO2 emissions and criteria pollutants."(1)
     ...The report, "The Hydrogen Economy: Opportunities, Costs, Barriers and R&D Needs," also indicated that the Department of Energy's broad approach to produce hydrogen from abundant, domestic coal resources as well as renewable energy was important for the emergence of a viable transportation system. The NRC recommended that the Department more fully coordinate its hydrogen programs in its renewable energy, fossil energy, science and nuclear energy offices.
     Recommendations in the report also suggest that DOE focus its research on distributed natural gas and wind-electrolysis to enable a transition to a hydrogen economy within the next two decades. The report recommends that the Department more closely coordinate its carbon capture and sequestration activities with the hydrogen research program. The committee further encourages the Department to rapidly move ahead with its FutureGen Project to demonstrate co-production of power and hydrogen in conjunction with the successful capture and sequestration of the carbon dioxide generated.      more

Bush Requests More Hydrogen from the Congress
H2Cars.Biz February 2, 2004
The Department’s hydrogen effort in FY 2005 totals $228 million (including $173 million from the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, $9 million from Nuclear Energy, $16 million from Fossil Energy and $29 million from DOE’s Office of Science). The Department of Transportation is also contributing $0.8 million in FY 2005.

Bush Seeks 43% Funding Increase for Hydrogen Cars
Forbes/Reuters February 2, 2004

Fuel Cells in China: A Survey of Current Developments
Stefan Geiger Fuel Cell Today October 15, 2003

The debate over "Potential environmental impact of a hydrogen economy on the stratosphere" T.K. Tromp, R.-L. Shia, M. Allen, J.M. Eiler, Y. L. Yung
Science, vol. 300, 13. June 2003, p. 1740-1742

Hydrogen Storage in Microporous Metal-Organic Frameworks
N. Rosi, M. Eddaoudi, D. Vodak, J. Eckert, M. O’Keeffe, O. M. Yaghi
Science, 2003, 300, 1127.

New Study Exhibits the Environmental Harmlessness of a Global Hydrogen Economy
Received by CHBC from Werner Zittel, LBST June 13, 2003

The Science magazine published a study ("Potential environmental impact of a hydrogen economy on the stratosphere" by T.K. Tromp, R.-L. Shia, M. Allen, J.M. Eiler, Y. L. Yung, Science, vol. 300, 13. June 2003, p. 1740-1742) which investigates the potential environmental impact of a future hydrogen economy. To be [on] the safe side, the authors assumed that hydrogen emissions from a global hydrogen economy would amount to 120 Tg/yr, at worst, however, also pointing out that "it is likely that such emissions could be limited or even made negligible, although at some cost." With these worst case assumptions the authors conclude further that anthropogenic emissions would rise by a factor of four, and at the same time they assumed the hydrogen concentration at the surface to increase by a factor of four, to 2.3 ppmv. However, as [is] well known in the scientific community, usually the decomposition rates also increase with increasing concentration, limiting the final figure to a lower level. For instance, doubling anthropogenic CO2 emissions does not result in a doubling of CO2 concentrations. Therefore the authors admit "Second, a large, possible dominant, sink of H2 from the atmosphere is uptake in soil. ...It is possible that this process could entirely compensate for new anthropogenic emissions, although a study will be needed whether this is the case." In addition, not mentioned in the article, at least part of present H2 emissions will be omitted in a renewable hydrogen economy; these are emissions from industrial fossil burning process (which are estimated in the range of between 10 – 15 Tg/yr in the study but according to other sources could be as high as 57 Tg/yr), and atmospheric hydrogen production by the decomposition of hydrocarbons (CH4 and higher) which, at least partly, are due to fossil energy extraction and burning.

A direct result of these crude assumptions is that stratospheric water content would rise by about 30 percent – again neglecting that today the largest source for stratospheric water vapor is methane decomposition in high altitudes, which would be reduced once fossil fuel extraction and burning are ceased. Based on this assumption the stratospheric ozone decomposition could be enhanced by about 1 percent. However, according to the authors, indirect effects might be more severe: Colder temperatures would create more polar stratospheric clouds, delay the break up of the polar vortex, and thereby make the ozone hole deeper, larger (in area), and more persistent (in spring). With these assumptions, at worst the ozone depletion is about 5 to 8 % enhanced in the boreal spring. This leads the authors to the conclusion that "anthropogenic emissions of H2 could substantially delay the recovery of the ozone layer that is expected to result from the regulation of chlorofluorocarbons." But the authors also admit that beyond 2020 ozone levels will have recovered to a status where these additional H2 emissions will have much less influence.

Consequently, the authors conclusion is not to stop a hydrogen economy but to delay the introduction of fuel cells and hydrogen economy beyond the year 2020, not realizing that large amounts of hydrogen anyhow will be handled only beyond 2020, due to the long lead times of its introduction. Keeping in mind the crude assumption are taken in this study, it can be concluded that this study admits that no severe consequences on ozone depletion are to be expected. Finally, other effects were mentioned but not studied: These are a possible influence of H2 decomposition on OH concentration, potential impacts of increased mesospheric H2O levels on atmosphere chemistry, and the influence of higher H2 concentrations on microbial nutrients. But at least concerning the consumption of OH radicals might be more than outweighed by the reduction of other emissions which are decomposed via hydroxyl (OH).

Dr. Werner Zittel [Dr.rer.nat., Dipl.-Physiker], from Germany, is a consultant with L-B-Systemtechnik GmbH, a Munich-based consulting company specialising in sustainable energy and transport strategies. L-B-S is a founding member of the European Business Council for a Sustainable Energy Future, a business NGO which promotes compliance with the Kyoto protocol and lobbies in support of climate-friendly technologies and policies at climate negotiations. He holds a doctorate in physics from the Technical University of Darmstadt and worked at the Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics.
-- The Hydrogen Transition Dr. Werner Zittel Global Vision

Tromp, et al, receive polite response from incredulous businessmen...
Hydrogen Fuel Use Could Wreck Ozone Layer, Study Says
-- But Expert from Air Products Says Premise 'Unrealistic'
Kurt Blumenau The Morning Call, Allentown (PA) June 13, 2003
Equipment designs and operating standards hold companies to, at most, a ''near-zero'' leak standard, according to a statement by Nirmal Chatterjee, Air Products' vice president of environment, health and safety, and corporate engineering. ''To assume and report an expected 10 to 20 percent leakage of hydrogen, from any source, is unrealistic,'' Chatterjee said. ''From a safety, environmental and economic standpoint, it would make the technology unfeasible.'' ''I can't imagine how anybody could assume 10 to 20 percent leakage of hydrogen,'' added Sandy Thomas, president of H2Gen Innovations, a fuel cell developer in Alexandria, Va.

...and an outright condemnation of their work from Eruope:

...The article by Tromp et. al. due to wrong assumptions stipulated without proving them according to the state of the art of technology comes to erroneous conclusions. It is a pity that Science assisted in putting such a faulty publication into circulation damaging the image of hydrogen in a completely unjustified and unnecessary way.
    We hope for a correction to be published by Science immediately.
With best regards, Werner Zittel
          Dr. Werner Zittel
          L-B-Systemtechnik GmbH
          http://www.HyWeb.de and http://www.lbst.de

In a June 18 Letter to the Editor of Science, Dr. Peter Lehman, Director of the Schatz Energy Research Center, points out another reason for Zittel's outrage: "...they base their assumptions on previous work by Zittel and Altman...."

Editor:
     In their recent report, T.K. Tromp, et al., ("Potential Environmental Impact of a Hydrogen Economy on the Stratosphere," 13 June, p. 1740) examine the effect that emissions of hydrogen from the widespread use of fuel cell technology would have on the atmosphere. Using modeling, they report that increased molecular hydrogen concentration in the atmosphere would lead to stratospheric cooling and ozone depletion, among other effects.
     In order to begin their analysis, Tromp, et al., make assumptions regarding the magnitude of hydrogen emissions that would result from a complete switch to a hydrogen economy. They base their assumptions on previous work by Zittel and Altmann (1) and Sherif, et al., (2). They claim from Zittel and Altmann that losses of hydrogen "... have been reasonably projected to be on the order of 10%." Zittel and Altmann, however, give actual losses of gaseous hydrogen from an existing hydrogen pipeline grid in Germany to be 0.1% and losses from transporting liquid hydrogen to range from 1% to 10%. They give 2-3% as a "more realistic" estimate of losses for liquid hydrogen.
     Citing Sherif, Tromp, et al., estimate losses to be even higher, suggesting "... that a range of 10% to 20% should be expected." Sherif, et al., do say that "... boil-off losses associated with the storage, transportation, and handling of liquid hydrogen can consume up to 40% of its available combustion energy." However, they later give boil-off rates for liquid hydrogen dewars which allow calculation of reasonably expected losses. For example, a tanker truck sized tank would lose approximately 0.4%/day, so for a five day delivery run, total losses would be only 2%. Losses from much larger storage tanks would be significantly less per day. If Tromp, et al., had assumed these smaller losses, their results would be far less striking. Further, the simple expedient of catalytically oxidizing the vented hydrogen would reduce the effect to an almost negligible level. Indeed, we should continue to be vigilant in determining the effect of technology change on the global environment, but it does not seem that hydrogen emissions will undermine the obvious benefits of a hydrogen economy.

Peter A. Lehman
Schatz Energy Research Center
Environmental Resources Engineering Department
Humboldt State University

1. W. Zittel and M. Altmann, in Proceedings of the 11th World Hydrogen Energy Conference, T.N. Veziroglu, C.-J. Winter, J.P. Baselt, and G. Kreysa, Eds., (Schoen and Wetzel, Frankfurt, Germany, 1966).
2. S.A. Sherif, N. Zeytinoglu, and T.N. Veziroglu, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 22, 683 (1997).

Potential Environmental Impact of a Hydrogen Economy on the Stratosphere Tracey K. Tromp, Run-Lie Shia, Mark Allen, John M. Eiler, Y. L. Yung Science June 13, 2003

Raney Ni-Sn Catalyst for H2 Production from Biomass-Derived Hydrocarbons
G. W. Huber, J. W. Shabaker, J. A. Dumesic Science June 27, 2003

Optimized Hydrogen and Electricity
Generation from Wind L.J. Fingersh
National Renewable Energy Laboratory June 2003
It is possible to efficiently connect multiple hydrogen-
generating and -consuming devices to a modern variable-
speed wind turbine without substantial additional complexity in the electrical power control system. In fact, it may be

possible to connect an electrolyzer, regeneration device, and battery to an existing turbine design with only the addition of some switches and protection devices and no additional power electronics. By reusing existing wind turbine components in this way, significant total system cost savings can be achieved.
A wind energy system that includes an integrated hydrogen system also provides grid integration benefits. By including components whose energy consumption or production can be controlled, dispatchability is added to the wind energy power plant system. This dispatchability can be used to provide power at peak times of the day or year or to provide other ancillary services to the grid. In addition, it may be possible to reduce transmission line capacity from the wind plant by using the hydrogen system to “clip the power peaks” of the wind output. In this way, the grid capacity factor would be increased. With regeneration or batteries added, capacity factor would be increased even more.
One of the more exciting prospects for adding hydrogen components to a wind energy plant is the increased number of available options for site-specific optimization. For example, one might choose to provide more electricity and less hydrogen if the winds are steady and grid needs are high (as in California). One might also choose to produce more hydrogen and less electricity in locations with strong winds but small electrical loads (as in North Dakota). Even the type of grid available could influence the system optimization. Weak grids might need more hydrogen-based regeneration or more battery power when compared to stronger grids so that the wind plant could be dispatched when necessary to support the weaker grid.
The addition of hydrogen to conventional renewable power generation offers numerous advantages over stand-alone systems. Elimination of redundant systems, enhanced efficiency, improved performance capability, and opportunities to provide optimized application specific design are just a few of the possibilities. Future in-depth analyses and systems integration studies will prove invaluable in determining the specific configurations and applications providing the lowest cost of energy.

Emerging Climate Change Emission Reduction Technologies
Presented to the International Vehicle Technology Symposium
California Air Resources Board (ARB), Sacramento March 11-13, 2003

Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Vehicle Air Conditioning Systems
James A. Baker, Delphi Corporation

Overview of Mobile Air Conditioning and A/C Tunnel Simulation
Ward Atkinson, Sun Test Engineering

Testing HVAC Systems for Energy Consumption
William Hill, General Motors Corporation

Global Warming Impact of Black Carbon
Professor Mark Jacobson, Stanford University

Future Technology Diesel: Reducing Black Carbon Emissions
Matti Maricq, Ph.D., Ford Research and Advanced Engineering

Controlling Particulate Emissions From Light Duty Vehicles
Joe Kubsh, Ph.D., Manufacturers of Emission Controls Association

Methods to Reduce Methane Emissions
Alex Lawson, Ph.D., Teleflex GFI Control Systems LP

Internal Combustion Engine Improvements
Loren Beard, DaimlerChrysler

Low Cost and Near Term Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction / Graphs
Professor Marc Ross, University of Michigan

Variable Valve Actuation: New Issues, Solutions and Technology
Dr. Peter Hofbauer, FEV

Cylinder Deactivation
Roland Kemmler, DaimlerChrysler

Gasoline Engine Downsizing and Boosting for CO₂ Emission Reduction
Dr. S. M. Shahed, Garrett

The Automatic Transmission Development and Their Contribution to the Overall Emissions Reduction
Herbert Mozer, ZF Group

Clean Diesel Program
Mike Ruth, Cummins

i-Mo-Gen; Integrated Starter/Generator Technology
Neville Jackson, Ricardo, Inc.

Controlled Auto Ignition and Camless Engines
Jamie Turner, Lotus

Gasoline Direct Injection Technologies to Reduce CO₂ Emissions
Stephen Brueckner, AVL

Honda's Perspective on Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Ben Knight, Honda

Toyota's Hybrids
Dave Hermance, Toyota

Advanced Hybrid Technology
Dr. Andy Frank, UC Davis

Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles vs. Hybrid Electric Vehicles / Handout
Dr. Sandy Thomas, H2Gen Innovations

The Role of Alternative Fuels in Reducing Greenhouse Gases
Dr. Louis Browning, ICF Consulting

Well-to-Wheels Analysis of Alternative Fuels
Michael Jackson, TIAX

Light Duty Diesels and GHG Reduction: Progress and Potential
Dr. Rodica Baranescu, International Truck and Engine Corporation

Advanced Simulation Technologies
Albert Turtscher, AVL

Systems Analysis of Low CO₂ Emission Designs for Cars and Light Trucks
John DeCicco, Environmental Defense

The Use of Systems Analysis in Configuration and Control Optimisation
Neville Jackson, Ricardo, Inc.

Systems Analysis: Engines in Compact Cars
Dr. Peter Hofbauer, FEV

Enhanced: Molecular Fuel Tanks
Michael D. Ward Science Magazine May 16, 2003
If a future hydrogen economy is to be realized, safe storage and delivery materials must be available. ...The materials do not yet show sufficiently high storage capacities for practical applications, but can easily be modified to increase uptake. Furthermore, their high crystallinity allows the hydrogen absorption sites to be identified. This knowledge may be helpful in designing future hydrogen-storage materials.

Electrochemical Science and
Technology Information Resource
(ESTIR)

This compilation of review chapters on electrochemical science, engineering, and technology is collected from multi-author advances/review books published in English since 1950. Contributions from selected review journals are also included. In all probability, these reviews (and their reference lists) contain all major advances made in electrochemistry during the last few decades. Hopefully, this listing will provide a useful information source for students and research workers of electrochemistry. The file contains more than 3000 reviews.
Also see

Electrochemistry Encyclopedia

Electrochemistry Dictionary

Hosted by the Ernest B. Yeager Center for Electrochemical Sciences (YCES) and the Chemical Engineering Department, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio.

2002

September 2002

Hydrogen Storage for Aircraft Applications Overview
NASA Anthony J. Colozza, Analex Corporation

Hydrogen is a very high energy density element that holds much promise as a potential fuel for aircraft. The energy density of hydrogen, which is around 120 MJ/kg, is more than double that of most conventional fuels (for example natural gas: 43 MJ/kg and gasoline 44.4 MJ/kg). The main issue with using hydrogen in aircraft is its very low density. At ambient conditions 1 liter of hydrogen contains only 10.7 KJ of energy. Even in its liquid state the volumetric energy density of hydrogen (8.4 MJ/liter ) is less then half that of other fuels (natural gas 17.8 MJ/liter, gasoline 31.1 MJ/liter). Storing a sufficient amount of it for use in most applications requires a large volume. Therefore, in order to make it practical for aircraft applications, the storage method utilized must increase the density of hydrogen.

Danger In The Air:
The 2001 Ozone Season Summary
August 2002 U.S. PIRG Education Fund
Executive Summary News Release

Full Report

Proceedings of the 2002 U.S. DOE Hydrogen &
Fuel Cells Annual Program/Lab R&D Review
May 6-10, 2002 Golden, CO

Biological Hydrogen Production

Biological Hydrogen from Fuel Gases, G. Vanzin, J. Huang, S. Smolinski, K. Kronoveter, and P.-C. Maness, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (PDF 273 KB)

Bioreactor Development for Biological Hydrogen Production, E. Wolfrum, A. Watt, and J. Huang, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (PDF 365 KB)

Molecular Engineering of Algal Hydrogen Production, M. Seibert, P. King, L. Zhang, L. Mets, and M. Ghirardi, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (PDF 742 KB)

Chlorophyll Antenna Size Adjustments by Irradiance in Dunaliella salina Involve Coordinate Regulation of Chlorophyll a Oxygenase (CAO) and Lhcb Gene Expression, T. Masuda, A. Tanaka, and A. Melis, University of California, Berkeley (PDF 703 KB)

Cyclic Photobiological Algal Hydrogen Production, M. Ghirardi, S. Kosourov, A. Tsygankov, A. Rubin, and M. Seibert, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (PDF 303 KB)

Efficient Hydrogen Production Using Enzymes of the Pentose Phosphate Cycle, J. Woodward, Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Biomass-based Hydrogen Production

Fluidizable Catalysts for Producing Hydrogen by Steam Reforming Biomass Pyrolysis Liquids, K. Magrini-Bair, S. Czernik, R. French, Y. Parent, M. Ritland, and E. Chornet, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (PDF 751 KB)

Reformer Model Development for Hydrogen Production, J. Bellan, N. Okong'o, P. C. LeClercq and H. Abdel-Hameed, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (PDF 1.15 MB)

Hydrogen Production from Post-Consumer Wastes, S. Czernik, R. French, C. Feik, and E. Chornet, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (PDF 387 KB)

Hydrogen from Biomass for Urban Transportation, Y. Yeboah, K. Bota, Z. Wang, M. Realff, D. Day, J. Howard, D. McGee, R. Evans, E. Chornet, S. Czernik, C. Feik, R. French, S. Phillips, and J. Patrick, Clark Atlanta U (PDF 561 KB)

Engineering Scale Up of Renewable H2 Production by Catalytic Steam Reforming of Peanut Shells Pyrolysis Products, R. Evans, S. Czernik, E. Chornet, C. Feik, R. French, and S. Phillips, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (PDF 531 KB)

Supercritical Water Partial Oxidation, G. Hong and M. Spritzer, General Atomics (PDF 682 KB)

Hydrogen Production by Anaerobic Microbial Communities Exposed to Repeated Heat Treatments, S. Sung, L. Raskin, T. Duangmanee, S. Padmasiri, and J. Simmons, Iowa State University (PDF 504 KB)

Biomass-Derived Hydrogen from a Thermally Ballasted Gasifier, R. Brown, G. Norton, A. Suby, J. Smeenk, K. Cummer, and J. Nunez, Iowa State University (PDF 752 KB)

Fossil-based Hydrogen Production

Rapid Solar-thermal Dissociation of Natural Gas in an Aerosol Flow Reactor, J.Dahl, K. Buechler, R. Finley, T. Stanislaus, A. Weimer, A. Lewandowski, C. Bingham, A. Smeets, and A. Schneider, University of Colorado & NREL (PDF 428 KB)

Production of Hydrogen by Superadiabatic Decomposition of Hydrogen Sulfide, R. Slimane, F. Lau, R. Dihu, M. Khinkis, J. Bingue, A. Saveliev, A. Fridman, and L. Kennedy, Gas Technology Institute (PDF 690 KB)

Thermocatalytic CO2-Free Production of Hydrogen from Hydrocarbon Fuels, N. Muradov, Florida Solar Energy Center (PDF 737 KB)

Novel Catalytic Fuel Reforming Using Micro-Technology with Advanced Separations Technology, P. Irving, L. Allen, Q. Ming, and T. Healey, InnovaTek (PDF 330 KB)

ITM Syngas and ITM H2: Engineering Development of Ceramic Membrane Reactor Systems for Converting Natural Gas to Hydrogen and Synthesis Gas for Liquid Transportation Fuels, M. Carolan, C. Chen, and E. Rynders, Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. (PDF 329 KB)

Economic Feasibility Analysis of Hydrogen Production by Integrated Ceramic Membrane System, M. Shah and R. Drnevich, Praxair (PDF 240 KB)

Low Cost Hydrogen Production Platform, R. Bollinger and T. Aaron, Praxair (PDF 248 KB)

Electrolytic Processes

Photoelectrochemical Based Direct Conversion for Hydrogen Production, J. Turner, National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Photoelectrochemical Production of Hydrogen, E. Miller and R. Rocheleau, University of Hawaii (PDF 1.6 MB)

Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production Using New Combinatorial Chemistry Derived Materials, S. H. Baeck, K.-S. Choi, A. Ivanovskaya, T. Jaramillo, W. Siripala, G. Stucky, and E. McFarland, University of California, Santa Barbara (PDF 1.1 MB)

Combinatorial Discovery of Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Production, T. Mill, A. Hirschon, M. Coggiola, B. MacQueen, N. Kambe, and B. Chaloner-Gill, SRI International (PDF 825 KB)

Technology Validation

Filling Up with Hydrogen-2000, M. Fairlie, Stuart Energy Systems (PDF 531 KB)

Hydrogen/Natural Gas Blends for Heavy and Light-Duty Applications, K. Collier, NRG Technologies (PDF 151 KB)

Research and Development of a PEM Fuel Cell, Hydrogen Reformer, and Vehicle Refueling Facility, V. Raman, Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. (PDF 236 KB)

Fuel Cell R&D and Demonstration, R. Fields, E. Rowley, M. Wilson, and C. Zawodzinski, Los Alamos National Laboratory (PDF 483 KB)

Advanced Underground Vehicle Power and Control Fuel Cell Mine Locomotive, A. Miller and D. Barnes, Fuel Cell Propulsion Institute (PDF 371 KB)

Standardized Testing Program for Emergent Chemical Hydride and Carbon Storage Technologies, R. Page and M. Miller, Southwest Research Institute (PDF 185 KB)

Development of a Turnkey Commercial Hydrogen Fueling Station, D. Guro, Air Products and Chemicals (PDF 170 KB)

Hydrogen Refueling System Based on Autothermal Cyclic Reforming, R. Kumar, G. Kastanas, S. Barge, V. Zamansky, and R. Seeker, General Electric/ Energy and Environmental (PDF 300 KB)

Development of a High Efficiency Natural Gas to Hydrogen Fueling System, W. Liss, Gas Technology Institute (PDF 410 KB)

Separation and Purification

Separation Membrane Development, K. Heung, Westinghouse Savannah River Technology Center (PDF 650 KB)

Defect-free Thin Film Membranes for Hydrogen Separation and Isolation, T. Nenoff and F. Bonhomme, Sandia National Laboratories (PDF 363 KB)

Design and Development of New Glass-Ceramic Proton Conducting Membranes, S. Martin, S. Poling, and J. Sutherland, Iowa State University (PDF 376 KB)

Analysis Projects

Process Analysis Work for the DOE Hydrogen Program-2001, P. Spath, W. Amos, and M. Mann, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (PDF 363 KB)

Cost and Performance Comparison Of Stationary Hydrogen Fueling Appliances, D. Myers, G. Ariff, B. James, J. Lettow, C. Thomas, and R. Kuhn, Directed Technologies, Inc. (PDF 286 KB)

Strategic Planning and Implementation, J. Ohi, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (PDF 609 KB)

Hydrogen Technical Analysis, S. Lasher, M. Stratonova, and J. Thijssen, A. D. Little (PDF 375 KB)

Techno-Economic Analysis of Hydrogen Production by Gasification of Biomass, F. Lau, R. Zabransky, D. Bowen, C. Kinoshita, S. Turn, and E. Hughes, Gas Technology Institute (PDF 512 KB)

Analysis of Hydrogen/Infrastructure/Transportation Applications, S. Unnasch, A.D. Little

Hydrogen Codes and Standards, J. Ohi and R. Hewett, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (PDF 153 KB)

NHA-DOE Cost Shared Activities: Hydrogen Codes and Standards Outreach, K. Miller, National Hydrogen Association (PDF 172 KB)

Codes and Standards Analysis, M. Swain and P. Filoso, University of Miami (PDF 2.72 MB)

Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Vehicle Evaluation, R. Parish, L. Eudy, K. Proc, and K. Chandler, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (PDF 173 KB)

Power Parks Simulation Project, A. Lutz, Sandia National Laboratory (PDF 185 KB)

International Energy Agency Activities, C. Elam, C. Gregoire-Padro, P. Spath, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (PDF 647 KB)

Hydrogen Technical Analysis on Matters Being Considered by the IEA-Transportation Infrastructure, S. Schoenung, Longitude 122 West (PDF 392 KB)

Technical Evaluations and Analysis of Currently Funded Projects and Database Development, E. Skolnik and C. TerMaath, Energetics (PDF 264 KB)

Hydrogen Utilization Research

Technical Analysis of Hydrogen Production, A. T-Raissi, Florida Solar Energy Center (PDF 553 KB)

Gallium Nitride Integrated Gas/Temperature Sensors for Fuel Cell System Monitoring for Hydrogen and Carbon Dioxide, S. Pyke, Peterson Ridge LLC

Interfacial Stability of Thin Film Fiber-Optic Hydrogen Sensors, R. Smith, P. Liu, S.-H. Lee, E. Tracy, and R. Pitts, National Renewable Laboratory (PDF 537 KB)

Micro-Machined Thin Film Hydrogen Gas Sensors, F. DiMeo, Jr., I.-S. Chen, P. Chen, J. Neuner, M. Stawasz, J. Welch, and A. Rohrl, Advanced Technology Materials, Inc. (PDF 424 KB)

Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine Two Wheeler with On-board Metal Hydride Storage, K. Sapru, S. Ramachandran, P. Sievers, and Z. Tan and S. Ramachandran, ECD (PDF 494 KB)

Alkaline Fuel Cell Development, T. Armstrong, Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Enabling Science for Advanced Ceramic Membrane Electrolyzers, F. Garzon, R. Mukundan, and E.Brosha, Los Alamos National Laboratory (PDF 233 KB)

Hydrogen Production Through Electrolysis Systems, R. Friedland and A. Speranza, Proton Energy Systems (PDF 738 KB)

Reduced Turbine Emissions Using Hydrogen-Enriched Fuels, B. Scheffer, Sandia National Laboratories (PDF 580 KB)

Advanced Internal Combustion Electrical Generator, P. VanBlarigan, Sandia National Laboratories (PDF 560 KB)

Low Cost, High Efficiency, Reversible Fuel Cell Systems, C. Milliken and R. Ruhl, Technology Management, Inc. (PDF 377 KB)

High-Efficiency Steam Electrolyzer, A.-Q. Pham, E. See, D. Lenz, P. Martin and R. Glass, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (PDF 217 KB)

Storage

Hydrogen Composite Tank Program, N. Sirosh, Quantum Technologies, Inc. (PDF 466 KB)

Carbon Nanotubes Materials for Hydrogen Storage, M. Heben, National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Doped Carbon Nanotubes for Hydrogen Storage, R. Zidan and A. Rao, Westinghouse Savannah River Technology Center (PDF 180 KB)

Hydrogen Storage in Metal-Modified Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, C. Ahn, J. Vajo, B. Fultz, R. Yazami, D. Brown, and R. Bowman, Jr., California Institute of Technology (PDF 413 KB)

Catalytically Enhanced Hydrogen Storage Systems, C. Jensen, University of Hawaii (PDF 303 KB)

Hydride Development for Hydrogen Storage, K. Gross, E. Majzoub, G. Thomas, and G. Sandrock, Sandia National Laboratories (PDF 1.2 MB)

Complex Hydrides for Hydrogen Storage, D. Slattery and M. Hampton, Florida Solar Energy Center (PDF 345 KB)

Hydrogen Storage Using Lightweight Tanks, A. Weisberg, B. Myers, and G. Berry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (PDF 524 KB)

Certification Testing and Demonstration of Insulated Pressure Vessels for Vehicular Hydrogen Storage, S. M. Aceves, J. Martinez-Frias and F. Espinosa-Loza, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (PDF 307 KB)

Disproportionation Resistant Alloy Development for Hydride Hydrogen Compression, M. Golben and D. DaCosta, Ergenics, Inc. (PDF 273 KB)

Hydrogen - Fuel Cells for Transportation - Fuels for Fuel Cells - 2002 Annual Program/Lab R&D Review

The US DOE Hydrogen Program, the Fuel Cells for Transportation Program, and the Fuels for Fuel Cells Program held their inaugural combined Annual Program/Lab R&D Review May 6-10, 2002, Golden, Colorado. Presentations are available as Adobe Acrobat PDFs. Download Acrobat Reader

Annual Hydrogen Program Review Meeting    May 6-8, 2002

Presentation materials from the opening session of the meeting and the project abstracts are available below. Technical Papers from the meeting will be posted by mid-July 2002. [see above]

Program Overview Presentations
•Office of Hydrogen, Fuel Cells, and Infrastructure Technologies (proposed) (S. Chalk, DOE) (PDF 215 KB)
•Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Program Review (J. Milliken, DOE) (PDF 453 KB)
•Review of the Hydrogen Program (N. Rossmeissl, DOE) (PDF 440 KB)

Program Overview Presentations
•Session A-Production Technology and Validation (PDF 534 KB)
•Session B-Storage, Utilization, Analysis (PDF 572 KB)

Fuel Cells for Transportation Lab R&D Review Meeting     May 9, 2002

Opening Session
•Opening Remarks: Merit Review and Peer Evaluation-National Laboratory R&D (J. Milliken, DOE) (PDF 489 KB)
•Fuels for Fuel Cells (P. Devlin, DOE) (PDF 261 KB)
•Cooperative Automotive Research for Advanced Technology Program (D. Ho, DOE) (PDF 359 KB)

Fuel Cell Modeling/Analysis
•Fuel Cell Modeling and Analysis Overview (C. Bordeaux, DOE) (PDF 284 KB)
•Fuel Cell System Analysis (R. Kumar, ANL) (PDF 398 KB)
•Fuel Cell Vehicle Systems Analysis (T. Markel, NREL) (PDF 554 KB)
•Development of Unified PEM Fuel Cells (H. Liu, U of Miami) (PDF 2.2 MB)

Fuel Cell Stack Components
•Fuel Cell Stack Components Overview (J. Milliken, DOE) (PDF 307 KB)

Membranes/MEAs
•Membranes for Operation Above 100°C (T. Zawodzinski, LANL) (PDF 304 KB)
•Porous Oxide Electrolyte Membranes (POEMs) (M. Anderson, U of WI) (PDF 784 KB)
•Bacterial Cellulose Membranes (H. O'Neill, ORNL) (PDF 690 KB)
•Microstructural Characterization of PEM Fuel Cells (D. Blom, ORNL) (PDF 648 KB)

Electrodes/Electrocatalysts
•Fuel Cell Electrode Optimization for Operation on Reformate and Air (F. Uribe, LANL) (PDF 494 KB)
•New Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells (P. Ross, LBNL) (PDF 1.7 MB)
•Low Pt Loading Electrocatalysts (R. Adzic, BNL) (PDF 723 KB)
•Low-Platinum and Platinum-Free Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction at Fuel Cell Cathodes (K. Swider-Lyons, NRL) (PDF 615 KB)

Direct-Methanol Fuel Cells
•Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (P. Zelenay, LANL) (PDF 743 KB)

Fuel Cell Materials
•Materials for Bipolar Plates Overview (N. Garland, DOE) (PDF 319 KB)
•Carbon Composite Bipolar Plates for PEM Fuel Cells (T. Besmann, ORNL) (PDF 441 KB)
•Metal Biopolar Plates (M. Brady, ORNL) (PDF 344 KB)
•High Thermal Conductivity Graphite Foams for Compact Lightweight Radiators (J. Klett, ORNL) (PDF 808 KB)

Fuels for Fuel Cells Lab R&D Review Meeting    May 10, 2002

Fuel Processing
•Fuel Processing Overview (P. Davis, DOE) (PDF 281 KB)
•Catalytic Autothermal Reforming (J. Mawdsley, ANL) (PDF 410 KB)
•Sulfur Removal from Reformate (T. Krause, ANL) (PDF 264 KB)
•Quick Start Fuel Processor (S. Ahmed, ANL) (PDF 577 KB)
•Microchannel Fuel Processing (L. Pederson, PNNL) (PDF 602 KB)

Water-Gas Shift Catalysts
•Water-Gas Shift Catalysts Overview (D. Ho, DOE) (PDF 287 KB)
•Water Gas Shift Catalysis (D. Myers, ANL) (PDF 245 KB)
•Novel Water Gas Shift Catalysts (L. Thompson, U of MI) (PDF 395 KB)
•Nanoscale Water Gas Shift Catalysts (S. Swartz, NexTech) (PDF 745 KB)

Fuels Effects
•Overview (P. Devlin, DOE) (PDF 253 KB)
•Effects of Fuel Composition on Fuel Processing (J. Kopasz, ANL) (PDF 298 KB)
•Durability Studies: Gasoline/Reformate Durability (R. Borup, LANL) (PDF 353 KB)
•Support of Fuels/Reformer R&D with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modeling (M. Petrick, ANL) (PDF 1.9 MB)

Posters from Fuel Cells for Transportation and Fuels for Fuel Cells Lab R&D Review Meetings    May 9-10, 2002

Development of Advanced Catalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (S. Narayanan, JPL) (PDF 553 KB)

DMFC for Portable Power Applications-Poster (P. Zelenay, LANL) (PDF 442 KB)

High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Nanocomposites for Fuel Cells-Poster (J. McGrath, VPI) (PDF 1.6 MB)

Polyphosphazene-Based H2/O2 Fuel Cells-Poster (S. Lvov, Penn State U) (PDF 165 KB)

Low Platinum Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction at PEMFC Cathodes: Atomic Structure and Electrocatalytic Activity-Poster (W. Dmowski, U of Penn) (PDF 666 KB)

Decorated Nanoparticles in Fuel Cell Catalysis-Poster (A. Wieckowski, UIUC) (PDF 531 KB)

Ternary Platinum Catalysts with Enhanced Activity: Electrochemical and XAS Characterization -Poster (R. Atanasoski, 3M) (PDF 688 KB)

New Neutron Imaging Facility At The NIST Reactor For Fuel Cell Research -Poster (M. Arif, NIST) (PDF 996 KB)

Low Cost Sensors for Hydrogen and CO in Fuel Cells -Poster (J. Stetter, IIT) (PDF 532 KB)

CO Sensors for Reformate Powered Fuel Cells (F. Garzon, LANL) (PDF 210 KB)

Electrochemical Sensors for PEMFC Vehicles- (A. Q. Pham, LLNL) (PDF 235 KB)

Differential Temperature Water-Gas Shift Reactor -Poster (L. Pederson, PNNL) (PDF 1.0 MB)

Reformate Cleanup Technology-Poster (M. Inbody, LANL) (PDF 99 KB)

Fuel Processing of Diesel for Fuel Cells -Poster (D. Berry, NETL) (PDF 535 KB)

Diesel Reforming (for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell APUs)-Poster (R. Borup, LANL) (

Electrochemical Science and Technology Information Resource (ESTIR)

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Electrochemical Science and
Technology Information Resource
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